After all this time I am still confused about scopal and non-scopal modifiers.
All explanations which I find are very DELPH-IN-centric, in particular the difference is usually explained in terms of qeqs. This wiki page does give some data, but it is too terse for me.
It seems that non-scopal modifiers, unlike the scopal ones, do not allow certain ambiguity. I can see how The dog barked loudly is not ambiguous; loudly modifies barked. But is The dog probably barked actually ambiguous? What is the ambiguity?